Russian Diplomatic Relations Tracker

Direct war with Russia.

Currently, only North Korea is in this category as it supported Russia’s invasion yet haven’t provided military support. It has provided diplomatic support in the UN.

Syria and Russia are not official treaty allies in the same sense as NATO, but its close partnership with Russia has made them akin to de-facto treaty allies, especially as Syrian soldiers have been seen in Ukraine.

Afghanistan does not have a recognized government by the international community or Russia, leaving it not applicable for this tracker.
This will be updated once Afghanistan has a recognized government.

Poor relations with Russia.

The UAE remains largely neutral, given it has an ability to profit as a place for oligarchs to hide their wealth and fuel costs.

Largely condemns Russia’s aggression but can do little to support Ukraine.

Albania is considered an enemy by Russia due to its affiliation with NATO.

Armenia remains dependent on Russian peacekeepers following its recent war with Azerbaijan. This creates a tension for the country as it can easily fall sway by Russian threats.

Angola has had warm ties with Russia since the 1970s. However, it has abstained from most UN votes surrounding the conflict.

Politically, Argentina is facing an economic recession that can destabilize the current government, leaving it focused over obtaining foreign investment or export markets. The UN record indicates disapproval, though its focus is on accessing export markets to improve the economic situation at home.

Austria is in Russia’s enemy list given affiliation with EU. Also has strained bilateral relations.

Australia has provided assistance to Ukraine and diplomatically condemns Russia.

Azerbaijan agreed to Russian peacekeepers in its recent conflict against Armenia, though it is uncertain how Azerbaijan would act even if its government was replaced.

Bosnia has to deal with a strong Serbian community that has strong Russian sympathies. While the country voted to condemn Russia in the UN, such domestic politics prevent the government from taking further steps.

The island nation voted against Russia in the UN though has done little to indicate antagonism towards Russia.

Bangladesh is mainly concerned over food and fertilizer prices, calling for an end to the war as soon as possible.

Belgium, being the center for NATO and the EU, remains firmly committed to these institutions and against Russia’s aggression.

Burkina Faso hasn’t voted on UN resolutions surrounding Ukraine nor has attended Zelensky’s address to the African Union.

A no-confidence measure against the Bulgarian government threatens to place the country in a different footing than its allies and partners. It remains pro-EU and against Russia for the time being.

Neutral in the conflict as it is seeking stability long-term between Russia and Europe.

Burundi remains neutral given its need for Russian grain and is focused on other priorities.

Benin largely voted against Russia in the UN but didn’t attend Zelensky’s speech to the AU.

Brunei is focused more on oil prices remaining stable than on Ukraine.

The Bolivian government is supportive of Russia though more as a reaction against the U.S. than a belief in “DE nazifying Ukraine”.

The Bahamas has joined in sanctions and diplomatic condemnation, though has done little beyond these actions.

Bhutan’s foreign policy is largely decided by India, though even then its interest in the conflict is minimal.

Since Lula’s election in October 2022, Brazil’s relationship with Russia has remained largely unchanged. In late January 2023, Lula rejected Western suggestions to supply military aid to Ukraine, instead proposing that non-aligned countries act as moderators in peace talks. While Lula still calls Russia’s invasion a mistake, he avoids directly blaming and condemning Russia.

Botswana’s main concern is the economic warfare being waged in Ukraine, though it condemned Russia’s invasion.

Belarus has been almost unconditionally supporting Russia since the invasion. While Belarussian troops haven’t been deployed, it allowed Russia to use its territory in an attempt to take Kyiv.

Belize mostly keeps its condemnation of Russia on the diplomatic front but did abstain in the expulsion vote.

Close NATO ally and considered an enemy by Russia.

Both Congolese nations remain focused on obtaining grain and fertilizer, which is necessary to feed their inhabitants.

Both Congolese nations remain focused on obtaining grain and fertilizer, which is necessary to feed their inhabitants.

The country has seen an influx of Russian mercenaries so the Central African Republic remains largely influenced by Russia.

Switzerland remains largely neutral though it joined in limited sanctions against Russia. This step is likely the furthest the country will go in condemning Russia, given its neutral stance in foreign policy.

While Cote D’Ivoire did attend Zelensky’s AU address, it remains focused on food and fertilizer prices. So far, it voted on the UN resolutions to condemn Russia and to expel the country from the Human Rights Commission.

Chile’s government has been supportive of Ukraine’s sovereignty and even provided some humanitarian aid, yet the government also does not support U.S. foreign policy given historical patterns.

Cameroon did not attend Zelensky’s AU address as they are mainly focused on food and fertilizer prices.

China has been supportive of Russia to an extent. While China signed a memorandum with Russia during the Olympics, it hasn’t supported its neighbor in avoiding sanctions. There are also some natural tensions in the relationship that can harm their collaboration from the Arctic to Central Asia.

The recent Colombian elections point to a possible change in policy though Colombia has been a leader in Latin America in condemning Russian aggression towards Ukraine.

Costa Rica is mainly concerned over food and fuel prices.

Cuba has long been supportive of Russia since the establishment of Castro’s government. While it hasn’t been vocal in their support for Russia in terms of Ukraine, it remains a close partner for Russia in Latin America.

Cape Verde did not attend Zelensky’s AU address, focusing instead on fuel and food prices.

As a member of the European Union, it is on Russia’s enemy list.

Czechia remains committed to NATO’s position towards Ukraine despite previous government’s friendly approach to Russia.

Germany has significantly changed its approach to Russia since the invasion. While the current government does have some trepidations over its new-found hostility to Russia, Germany remains supportive of Ukraine’s candidacy to the EU.

Djibouti does have to consider the needs of the U.S. given its military presence but also has to consider food prices and regional stability.

Denmark remains supportive of NATO’s position on Russia and on increasing membership with Sweden and Finland.

Dominica is partly affected mainly because of ships that are registered in the island.

Dominican Republic is supportive of Ukraine diplomatically but is not joining in any sanctions or providing aid.

Algeria has largely remained silent over the conflict given its dependence on European markets and Russian grain.

Ecuador is mainly concerned about food prices remaining stable for the country.

Estonia, along with the Baltic states, have been insistent of an assertive stance against Russia.

Egypt is mainly focused on food prices remaining high for a country dependent on grain imports.

See Morocco.

Eritrea has been largely supportive of Russia for economic and political reasons. Has few capabilities to support Russia given the ongoing conflict in Ethiopia.

Spain has been supportive of NATO’s and the EU’s actions in Ukraine, and is on Russia’s enemy list.

Ethiopia received support from Russia for its conflict with the Tigray. While its support to Russia is mostly diplomatic, it is also a trend among the African Union.

Finland’s application to NATO shows how relations with Russia significantly declined since the invasion.

Fiji voted to condemn Russia in the UN but is mainly focused on stable fuel prices and ties with the Pacific powers.

Micronesia voted with Ukraine in the UN, though can provide little support given its focus on climate change.

While Macron made some statements that were more conciliatory towards Russia, France remains supportive of Ukraine’s candidacy into the EU.

Gabon did not attend Zelensky’s AU address as they are mainly focused on food and fertilizer prices.

The UK has been militarily supportive of Ukraine though it is no longer part of the EU.

Grenada has been supportive of Ukraine in the UN though can do little beyond diplomatic condemnation.

Georgia largely despises Russia for their 2008 invasion and many Georgians have supported Ukraine in their defense. That said, Georgia hasn’t gone too far in its condemnation given Russia remains a threat to its existence and a wrong move could backfire.

See France for more information

Ghana did not attend Zelensky’s AU address as it is mainly concerned on food prices though it did vote with Ukraine in the UN.

See Denmark for more information.

Gambia did not attend Zelensky’s AU address as they are mainly focused on food and fertilizer prices.

Guinea did not attend Zelensky’s AU address as they are mainly focused on food and fertilizer prices.

There are rumors that Equitorial Guinea is pursuing a more Russia-friendly policy for security support instead of just economics.

A member of NATO and the EU, Greece has supported Ukraine against Russia.

Guatemala is mainly focusing on Central America ties and working with the U.S. on immigration and crime. Guatemala did vote with Ukraine in the General Assembly.

Cameroon did not attend Zelensky’s AU address as they are mainly focused on food and fertilizer prices.

Guyana has called Russia to respect Ukraine’s sovereignty though has stated little beyond the initial statement.

Honduras did vote with Ukraine in the General Assembly though cannot provide much more support.

See China.

Croatia remains supportive of the EU’s position towards Ukraine.

Haiti is mainly concerned over the domestic situation that is deteriorating than the Ukrainian invasion.

Hungary is arguably the most pro-Russian country in the European Union. The country has been historically supportive of Russia in the past and was the last to support sanctions against the country. That said, the country is on Russia’s enemy list given its association with the EU.

Indonesia does condemn the invasion but is also mainly concerned over food security. This was noted by Jokowi’s visit to Kyiv and Moscow which was focused on accessing grain supplies given increasing inflation at home.

On Russia’s enemy list due to its EU membership. Has also supported Ukraine diplomatically.

Israel has condemned Russia’s invasion but has been pursuing an approach where they can mediate peace between Ukraine and Russia. Ukraine has been somewhat critical of this approach, though Israelis remain supportive of Zelensky. Recent political turmoil indicates a change in policy with Likud possibly regaining power.

India has been largely neutral in this conflict, preferring to avoid taking a side while maintaining its relationship with Russia. This is largely because of China, given that India remains threatened by the country. India views Russia as a crucial nation to balance China’s rise, though whether this opinion will change remains unknown.

Iraq has remained neutral in this conflict beyond a focus on oil prices. The country remains focused on domestic tensions and a steady access to Russian grain.

Iran and Russia have collaborated in Syria and in the UN, though Iran hasn’t been so supportive of Russia in the UN. Iran remains a partner for Russia in the Middle East.

Russia designated Iceland as an enemy and remains committed to NATO.

Italy has been supportive of Ukraine despite the economic damage done through lack of access to Russian gas.

Jamaica is mainly concerned on fuel and food prices though has voted to condemn Russia and expel the country from the Human Rights Council.

Jordan has been focused on fuel and food stability though supported Ukraine in the UN.

Japan has joined in sanctions and is designated an enemy by Russia. Hasn’t provided as much aid as the US or other European nations.

Kenya’s address in the United Nations was the strongest out of every African nation. While not providing much aid, Kenya has so far been diplomatically opposed to Russian aggression.

Largely influenced by Russia’s proximity to Kyrgyzstan.

Cambodia voted to condemn the invasion yet remains largely neutral in this conflict. Beyond their UN record, there is little to indicate Cambodia views Russia in a more negative light.

Comoros is supportive of Ukraine in the UN but provides little support beyond the General Assembly.

Saint Kitts and Nevis voted to condemn Russia but abstained in the expulsion vote. Indicates a desire for neutrality given need for fuel and food price stability.

While the country has strongly disapproved of Russia’s actions, it remains dependent on Russian oil and its role in preserving peace in the Korean Peninsula.

Kuwait is mainly focused on oil and food prices remaining stable for the country. Hasn’t joined in sanctions against Russia.

The country remains dependent on Russia given its recent intervention in the country. Kazakhstan’s government is careful to toe the line with Russia while pursuing its own foreign policy.

Laos remains close to Russia due to historical ties.

Lebanon, as an importer of Russian and Ukrainian grain, is mainly concerned about food prices and in keeping domestic stability.

Sri Lanka just faced government upheaval due to food shortages and increasing poverty. This recent turmoil could provide a change in foreign policy with regards to Russia though the main focus is on stabilizing the country.

Lesotho did not attend Zelensky’s AU address as they are mainly focused on food and fertilizer prices.

Remains supportive over defending Ukraine given its geographical proximity to Russia.

Remains strongly supportive of NATO and the EU.

Latvia, being threatened by Russia, remains adamant over assisting Ukraine.

The internationally recognized Libyan government has poor relations with Russia given its civil war. Not on Russia’s enemy list but Libya is diplomatically supporting Ukraine.

Morocco is more concerned over the economic impact of the invasion than the actual invasion. Its voting record indicates a lack of full interest in the conflict.

Monaco is part of sanctions against Russia causing significant issues among Russian oligarchs.

Moldova is now a candidate for the EU and has significant historical grievances against Russia (eg Transnistria).

Montenegro, as a member of NATO, remains supportive of the alliance’s stance against Russia.

The country increased its defense ties with Russia very recently.

The Marshall Islands voted with Ukraine on the UN though can provide little assistance beyond diplomatic support.

Remains supportive of NATO’s stance towards Russia and Ukraine.

Mali’s “No” vote on the February 23rd, 2023, UN General Assembly’s resolution, calling for an end to the war in Ukraine and demanding Russia’s immediate withdrawal from the country, aligns Mali closer to Russia. This recent vote contrasts Mali’s vote in the UN General Assembly’s original condemnation resolution in February 2022, where it abstained. Additionally, the Russian mercenary group, Wagner, has a presence in Mali where it provides security assistance and alongside Mali’s military, combats terrorist organizations.

Militarily, both Myanmar and Russia have been collaborating since the 2021 coup. It is uncertain how deep their relationship is beyond the armed forces.

Liberia voted with Ukraine in the UN vote though didn’t attend Zelensky’s AU address.

Mongolia is influenced by its proximity with Russia and the need to enjoy stable relations with its larger neighbor.

See China.

See France

Mauritania voted with Ukraine on the UN resolutions though can provide little support given its concern for food and fuel prices.

Malta was named an enemy by Russia given its membership within the EU.

Mauritius boycotted Zelensky’s AU speech though did support the country in the UN.

Maldives voted to condemn Russia but the main focus for Maldives is its relations with India.

Malawi voted with Ukraine though is indicating neutrality as it boycotted Zelensky’s AU address.

Mexico has condemned the invasion but has not officially taken sides on the conflict. This is due to Mexico’s policy of remaining neutral in foreign conflicts.

Malaysia is mainly concerned over food and fuel stability though condemned Russia in the UN. It is also mainly concerned over China’s militarism in the South China Sea.

Remains largely indifferent to the conflict as seen by its absence in Zelensky’s AU address. Dependent on Russian and Ukrainian grain.

Namibia toes the African Union’s line of focusing on grain and fertilizer.

Focused on the war’s economic impact given dependence on food imports.

Nigeria remains neutral in the conflict given its dependence on Russian and Ukrainian grain.

Nicaragua remains friendly to Russia though is limited in its capacity to support the invasion.

Netherlands remains a supporter of Ukraine though may waffle on membership in the long-term.

Norway has been supportive of NATO’s actions against Russia.

Nepal voted to condemn the war though abstained in Russia’s expulsion from the HRC.

Nauru voted with Ukraine in the UN though cannot provide any further support.

New Zealand, along with Australia, have been active in supporting Ukraine. New Zealand is more focused on diplomatic support given its capacity.

Oman has a de facto neutrality policy allowing it to be a broker in the Middle East. While it voted to condemn Russia, its actions indicate the country wishes to remain neutral in this conflict.

Panama has voted to condemn Russia in the UN and its regional association. However, it hasn’t expelled diplomats or embargoed Russian trade.

Peru voted with Ukraine in the General Assembly, but the country is providing little support beyond the UN votes.

Papua New Guinea has voted with Ukraine in the General Assembly, but the country cannot provide further support.

The country has been very critical of Russia, in direct contrast to Duterte, and now Bong-Bong’s rhetoric. No sanctions have been implemented.

Pakistan has been improving defense ties with the country though a new government could sway the country away from Russia.

Poland has led the European reaction against Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.

See United States.

As Palestine is not yet recognized as a state, its support over the war is hard to ascertain.

Portugal has been hesitant in admitting Ukraine to the EU but remains committed to sanctions and NATO.

Palau voted with Ukraine on condemning Russia though is more concerned over the future of the Pacific than a war in Eastern Europe.

Paraguay is supportive of Ukraine though is focused on export markets with a surge in food prices.

Qatar’s neutrality is similar to Saudi Arabia and most of the Middle East. While concerned over food prices, its neutrality allows them to work with the West and Russia as needed.

Romania remains hostile to Russia given its proximity to Ukraine and historical grievances.

The government has been mixed towards Russia as there are several historical ties between the two countries. While their UN record has been antagonistic, its lack of sanctions and ideological similarities shows a tension in the country that may not be resolved.

Rwanda boycotted Zelensky’s AU speech and didn’t vote on the expulsion vote. Part of the reason is in food and fuel prices, though another reason may be the government’s hesitancy to be firmly seen in the West’s camp.

Saudi Arabia is concerned about the stability of oil prices though its neutrality is also due to several factors from its relationship with the United States to Middle East stability.

Seychelles boycotted Zelensky’s AU address out of concern for fuel and food prices. They did vote with Ukraine on condemning Russia and expelling the country from the HRC.

Sudan has several domestic concerns that take precedence over Ukraine.

Sweden is planning to join NATO given Russia’s aggression and is collaborating closely with the alliance.

Singapore is part of Russia’s enemy list given its sanctions on the country.

Slovenia is a member of NATO and EU rendering it part of Russia’s enemy list.

Slovakia is a member of NATO and EU rendering it part of Russia’s enemy list.

Sierra Leone has condemned Russia’s invasion though is limited in its capacity to conduct sanctions or support.

San Marino is largely following Italy’s diplomatic strategy.

Senegal’s president remains officially neutral though did attend Zelensky’s address to the African Union.

Somalia is mainly concerned over food security given its own domestic fragility.

See United Kingdom for more information.

Suriname is focused on oil prices remaining stable given its new-found oil deposits. The country abstained on Russia’s expulsion though voted to condemn Russia’s invasion.

The country’s recovery from their civil war that has kept it from being either supportive or antagonistic towards Russia.

Mostly concerned about food prices than the actual war.

El Salvador is mainly focused on food and fertilizer prices, especially given the economic situation in the country. The country has provided little in terms of information that highlights its position in this conflict.

Eswatini did not attend Zelensky’s AU address as they are mainly focused on food and fertilizer prices.

Chad is mainly focused on fuel and food prices and didn’t attend Zelensky’s AU summit.

Togo is mainly concerned over food prices and fertilizer. Did not attend Zelensky’s AU address.

Thailand is mainly focused on the stranded Russian and Ukrainian tourists as well as food prices to maintain government stability. Remains neutral given the issue with tourists and other factors.

Tajikistan is largely supportive of Russia given geographic necessities and provided diplomatic support through the UN.

Timor-Leste voted for Ukraine in the General Assembly, though support for Ukraine is mostly diplomatic.

Turkmenistan is mainly focused on maintaining good relations with Russia, though hasn’t publicly taken a side on the conflict, as seen with their UN voting record.

Tunisia remains largely neutral in the conflict given its need for Russian and Ukrainian grain. The country is also experiencing domestic turmoil preventing it from emphasizing much in a distant conflict.

Timor-Leste voted for Ukraine in the General Assembly, though support for Ukraine is mostly diplomatic.

Turkey has had complicated relations with Russia for decades. While the country purchased weapons systems from Russia, it also has been on opposite sides during Syria and Libya. To this, Turkey has closed Russian ships from entering the Black Sea and has armed Ukrainian soldiers with Bayraktar drones. Turkey remains very close to Russia however and does not wish to antagonize the country further than necessary.

Trinidad and Tobago voted to condemn Russia in the UN, but provided little support since then.

Taiwan isn’t recognized by either country, yet remains supportive of Ukraine given its geopolitical proximity to China, Russia’s partner.

Tanzania remains neutral to secure its food supply, which is compromised with the invasion.

Tuvalu condemned Russia in the UN though that is largely the extent of its condemnation against Russia.

Uganda is neutral given its need for fertilizer.

The United States has been supporting Ukraine militarily and politically, though the US will stop short of war against Russia. In Russia’s enemy list.

Uruguay has condemned Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and provided diplomatic support for the country in the UN.

Uzbekistan is looking to maintain positive relations with Russia given its proximity and historic ties. However, the country did vote to condemn Russia in the UN (though not expel the country from the HRC).

The Vatican wants to maintain positive relations with the Orthodox church, given its emphasis on reconciliation with both faiths. However, the Papacy has condemned the invasion and called for peace.

The country voted to condemn Russia but abstained in the expulsion vote. This indicates a slight condemnation of Russia but a desire to remain neutral as well.

Venezuela has been supportive of Russia given Putin’s support of the Maduro government when it was in turmoil.

Vietnam remains dependent on Russian military ties, though it has provided some support for Ukraine.

Largely indifferent given distance of conflict and other pressing issues.

Kosovo has been supportive of Ukraine, though it is largely focused on securing its independence from Serbia and a tacit disapproval of Russia’s actions against the country previously.

Samoa voted to condemn Russia and expel the country from the HRC but provided little support beyond diplomatic condemnation.

Largely indifferent given its focus on its conflict with Saudi Arabia.

Leaning against Russia though this is largely due to its votes in the UN.

South Africa has enjoyed warm relations with Russia since the end of the apartheid government. Member of BRICS and has largely avoided taking a firm stance in the conflict.

ZANU-PF government has been sympathetic to Russia in the past.

See Norway for more information.

The Solomon Islands condemned the invasion but remain mainly focused on their ties in the Pacific.

Kiribati is mainly concerned over more existential threats to its existence (such as climate change) though voted to condemn Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.

Saint Lucia voted with Ukraine in the UN but can provide little support beyond diplomacy.